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Beta-carotene

Beta-carotene is natural carotenoid inowanikwa zvakanyanya mugirinhi uye yero miriwo nemichero.Beta-carotene inhengo ye tetraterpenoid, iyo inosanganisira mana isoprene maviri bond.Iine mhete ye beta-violone pamagumo ese emorekuru.Maviri vhitamini A molecule anogona kugadzirwa nechepakati break.Iyo ine akawanda mabhondi maviri uye conjugates pakati pezvisungo zviviri.Mamorekuru ane nguva refu akabatanidza kaviri bond chromophores, saka ane pfuma yekunyudza chiedza uye anoaita yero.Mhando huru dze beta-carotene ndeye-trans, 9-cis, 13-cis uye 15-cis.Kune anopfuura makumi maviri isomers ye beta-carotene, iyo isinganyungudika mumvura uye inonyungudika zvishoma mumafuta emichero.Iwo anonyungudika zvine mwero mualiphatic uye anonhuwirira hydrocarbons, anonyungudika zviri nyore muchloroform, kusagadzikana mumakemikari zvinhu, uye nyore kuita oxidize muchiedza nekudziya.

Beta-carotene inogona kugadzirwa nemakemikari synthesis, chirimwa kubviswa uye microbial kuvirisa.Zvinoenderana neakasiyana nzira dzekugadzira, inogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: makemikari synthesis ye beta-carotene uye yemhando beta-carotene.Parizvino, mazhinji acho makemikari.Nekuti yakasikwa beta-carotene ine yakanaka anti-chromosomal aberration, anti-cancer mhedzisiro uye yakasimba physiological chiitiko, mutengo wezvakasikwa beta-carotene wakakwira.Yakapetwa kaviri kupfuura makemikari.

Beta-carotene inozivikanwa senzvimbo yevhitamini A. Yakambogadzirwa beta-carotene yaishandiswa zvakanyanya mukudya, zvizoro uye zvigadzirwa zvehutano.Nekuvandudzwa kwe toxicology uye analytical tekinoroji, tsvakiridzo inoratidza kuti kunyangwe kuchena kwebeta-carotene yakasanganiswa nemakemikari nzira yakakwira uye mutengo wekugadzira wakaderera, zviri nyore kuisa chidimbu chemakemikari ane chepfu muzvigadzirwa.Naizvozvo, nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwezivo, kutorwa kwechisikigo kwebeta-carotene kunotora nzvimbo inoshanda mumusika.Asi nekuda kweiyo mafuta-inonyungudika pfuma ye beta-carotene, chiyero chekushandiswa kwayo chave chishoma.Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakawedzera kunyungudika kwemvura ye beta-carotene ne saponification uye emulsification, asi nzira iyi ine nguva refu, ine simba guru pakugadzikana kwebeta-carotene, uye ine mutengo wepamusoro.Kubviswa kwebeta-carotene yechisikigo, organic solvents mune dzakawanda nzira dziri kushandiswa parizvino, uye dambudziko rasara rezvinonyungudutsa zvine muchetura zvave kurambidza kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvekubvisa, zvichikonzera kuchengetedzeka kwekudya kwakawanda uye matambudziko ekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.Kubviswa kwemvura-soluble beta-carotene yakave yakashumwawo, asi mvura-solubility ye beta-carotene yakashata, kazhinji nerubatsiro rwema enzymes, saka mari yakakwirira uye kushandiswa kwakashata.Kuenzaniswa neyakajairwa nzira yekubvisa, iyo ultrasonic extraction nzira ine zvakanakira zvekureruka, yakakwirira yekubvisa chiyero uye pfupi yekushanda nguva.Naizvozvo, senzira nyowani yekubvisa doro-soluble beta-carotene, ultrasonic extraction ine tarisiro yakanaka yekushandisa mundima iyi.

Kushandiswa kwe beta-carotene

Serudzi rwemhando yemafuta anonyungudika pigment, beta-carotene yakagamuchirwa neushamwari neindasitiri yechikafu nekuti ruvara rwayo runogona kuvhara masisitimu ese eruvara kubva kutsvuku kusvika kune yero nekuda kwekusangana kwayo kwakasiyana.Yakanyatsokodzera kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvine mafuta uye mapuroteni zvigadzirwa, senge margarine, hove pulp yakanatswa zvigadzirwa, zvigadzirwa zvemuriwo, kukurumidza-chikafu noodles uye zvichingodaro.